Search results for "Apprentissage moteur"
showing 4 items of 4 documents
Improving operational performance in altered gravity
2022
Human motor adaptation is crucial to remain efficient when exposed to unfamiliar environments. In these contexts, the efficient strategies developed by the brain to optimise movement can prove deficient. Dexterous manual movement execution in space therefore require the learning of new coordinated motor actions. Traditionally, adaptation mechanisms are tested in laboratory using robotic devices that disturb the limb specifically involved in the task while the dynamics of the rest of the body remain unchanged. Although participants build a more accurate representation of the task over repetitions, these approaches are limiting as they do not reflect the ecological adjustment to globally modi…
Understand and optimize mental strategies during motor learning
2022
Motor imagery-based motor learning, also known as mental practice, can improve motor performance. However, questions remain concerning the mechanisms involved in mental practice, at the neurophysiological and behavioral levels. In a first study, we show an increase of short-interval intracortical inhibition during motor imagery, supporting the hypothesis that motor imagery induces the generation of an inhibited motor command. In a second study, we show modulations in functional connectivity between the cerebellum and the primary motor cortex following a mental practice session, corroborating at the neurophysiological level the hypothesis of the involvement and updating of internal models af…
Study of behavioral and neurophysiological mechanisms following motor imagery training
2017
For many years, research in motor control, sport science and rehabilitation focused on the performance improvement following mental practice. However, some mechanisms, behavioral and neurophysiological, remain insufficiently understood. In our first study, we demonstrated the impossibility to predict the future performance improvement following imagined repetitions of a speed accuracy trade-off task, with a subjective evaluation of imagery ability of young healthy individuals. However, it is essential to produce clear and vivid mental simulations throughout the training to obtain a better performance improvement. Besides, by a further analysis of performance, the results of our second study…
Apprentissage implicite de régularités : Mise en évidence d'une différence d'apprentissage entre tâches motrices continues et discrètes
2005
This research is concerned with the implicit learning of regularities in continuous motor tasks (e.g., tracking tasks) and discrete tasks (e.g., Serial Reaction Time tasks). First, a reanalysis of Wulf and collaborator's studies, dealing with implicit motor learning, made it possible to highlight methodological problems and potential biases that provide alternative explanations for the apparent implicit learning obtained in their continuous tracking experiments. Indeed, by respecting a more rigorous methodology, it appears that it is quite difficult to obtain such learning in a continuous task. This led us to try to understand why it was easier to draw benefit from a repetition in a discret…